I cannot answer all of your questions, but I can tell you that many first year lawyers start out in the salary range that you mentioned ($50,000). In Illinois, the average salary of a new lawyer is around $40,000. You can find slightly higher salaries if you are willing to move to a bigger city, or very large salaries if you end up in the top of your class and get hired by a big firm.
As for history and the law, I can't think of much except in the constitutional law area... perhaps research into the development and intent of the framers.